Physical Description
The sunbittern has long legs, a slender heron-like neck and a long bill with a stout body and small head. Its plumage is full and soft with a unique design of colors: the head is nearly all black with white striping above and below its red eyes; its neck, breast and shoulders are brown; and the belly, throat and undertail are a pale white.
Under the brown plumage is an orange-chestnut patch near the tip of each wing and the lower jaw and legs are bright orange in color. The only member of the Eurypygidae family, the sunbittern is related to rails and bustards.
Sunbitterns mainly walk, but when they do fly, it is a graceful movement with slow wing beats. When frightened, they will fly and perch in high trees, unfolding their tail and wings to reveal conspicuous patches of chestnut and orange, a display for threat and defense.
Size
They reach about 18 inches (45.7 centimeters) in length.
Native Habitat
Sunbitterns are found in Guatemala and northern Brazil in foothills, lowlands and well-wooded banks of streams and creeks with shallow wading water. They can be found at elevations up to 3,000 feet (909 meters).
Communication
When threatened, the sunbittern will often let out a low hiss accompanied by bowing movement toward the predator and/or engage in a frontal display where the bird will stretch out his wings and tail.
Food/Eating Habits
Sunbitterns hunt fish, amphibians, crustaceans and insects, which they catch by striking quickly with their long necks and spear-like bills. At the Zoo, sunbitterns are fed avian (crane) maintainer, Bird of Paradise pellets, soaked scenic pellets, mice and live food, such as mealworms, corn grubs, wax worms and crickets.
Social Structure
Sunbitterns are often found individually or in pairs.
Conservation Efforts
While currently not endangered or threatened, the sunbittern population is diminishing due to habitat loss.
